2001 INCOME DATA - EXPECTED WAGES OF SELECTED NON-MARKET ECONOMY COUNTRIES

page updated: February 10, 2004

EXPECTED WAGES OF SELECTED NON-MARKET ECONOMY COUNTRIES
2001 INCOME DATA
Revised September 2003

EXPECTED 2001 WAGES OF SELECTED NME COUNTRIES
Country	2001 GNP per Capita, US$	Expected 2001 Wages, US$ per Hour
Armenia	$570	$0.76
Azerbaijan	$650	$0.80
Belarus	$1,290	$1.08
Estonia *	$3,870	$2.20
Georgia	$590	$0.77
Kazakhstan *	$1,350	$1.10
Kyrgyz Republic	$280	$0.63
Lithuania *	$3,350	$1.98
Moldova	$400	$0.69
People's Republic of China	$890	$0.90
Romania *	$1,720	$1.26
Russian Federation *	$1,750	$1.28
Tajikistan	$180	$0.59
Turkmenistan	$950	$0.93
Ukraine	$720	$0.83
Uzbekistan	$550	$0.75
Vietnam * *	$410	$0.69
Wage Rate = GNP * 0.000437 + 0.512269

* Applicable only to review periods that pre-date the effective date of graduation to market-economy status
(Estonia (01/01/03); Kazakhstan (10/01/01); Lithuania (01/01/03); Romania (01/01/03); and Russia (04/01/02)).

* * On November 8, 2002, the Department determined that Vietnam will be treated as a non-market economy country for purposes of antidumping duty and countervailing proceedings (see Memorandum for Faryar Shirzad, Antidumping Duty Investigation of Certain Frozen Fish Fillets from the Socialist Republic of Vietnam--Determination of Market Economy Status (A-552-801)).

CALCULATION OF 2001 WAGES PER HOUR IN US DOLLARS
Country	Reported Wage Rate	Measuring Currency	Measuring Unit	Hours per Measuring Unit	Hourly Wages	Reporting Year	Inflator to 2001	Inflated Hourly Wages	2001 Exchange Rate, per US$	2001 Wages, US$ per hour
Algeria	12,323.00	Dinars	month	192	64.18	1996	1.1912	76.45	77.22	0.99
Argentina	4.29	Pesos	hour	1	4.29	2001	1.0000	4.29	1.00	4.29
Australia	17.38	Dollars	hour	1	17.38	1998	1.1065	19.23	1.92	10.00
Austria	26,104.00	Schillings	month	192	135.96	1999	1.0507	142.85	15.41	9.27
Belgium	417.56	Francs	hour	1	417.56	1998	1.0626	443.68	45.18	9.82
Bolivia	1,120.00	Bolivianos	month	192	5.83	2000	1.0159	5.93	6.61	0.90
Botswana	783.00	Pula	month	192	4.08	2000	1.0656	4.35	5.84	0.74
Brazil	846.00	Reais	month	192	4.41	2001	1.0000	4.41	2.36	1.87
Bulgaria	219.00	Lev	month	192	1.14	2000	1.0736	1.22	2.18	0.56
Canada	18.58	Dollars	hour	1	18.58	2001	1.0000	18.58	1.55	11.99
Chile	213,394.00	Pesos	month	192	1,111.43	2001	1.0000	1,111.43	634.94	1.75
Colombia	420,734.00	Pesos	month	192	2,191.32	2000	1.0797	2,365.94	2,299.63	1.03
Costa Rica	128,207.00	Colones	month	192	667.74	2001	1.0000	667.74	328.87	2.03
Croatia	4,465.00	Kunas	month	192	23.26	2001	1.0000	23.26	8.34	2.79
Dominican Republic	21.60	Pesos	hour	1	21.60	1997	1.3092	28.28	16.95	1.67
Ecuador	346.74	Dollars (US)	month	192	1.81	2000	1.0283	1.86	1.00	1.86
Egypt	121.00	Pounds	week	44	2.75	1999	1.0502	2.89	4.49	0.64
El Salvador	10.09	Colones	hour	1	10.09	2000	1.0375	10.47	8.75	1.20
Finland	12,510.00	Markkaa	month	192	65.16	1999	1.0603	69.09	6.66	10.37
France	10,230.00	Francs	month	192	53.28	1998	1.0391	55.36	7.35	7.54
Germany	14.42	Euros	hour	1	14.42	2001	1.0000	14.42	1.12	12.88
Greece	1,539.76	Drachmas	hour	1	1,539.76	1998	1.0942	1,684.82	381.70	4.41
Guatemala	1,655.25	Quetzales	month	192	8.62	2000	1.0763	9.28	7.86	1.18
India	1,211.10	Rupees	month	192	6.31	1998	1.1288	7.12	47.19	0.15
Ireland	7.18	Pounds	hour	1	7.18	1998	1.1251	8.08	0.88	9.16
Israel	9,051.00	New Shekels	month	192	47.14	2001	1.0000	47.14	4.21	11.20
Japan	297,500.00	Yen	month	192	1,549.48	2001	1.0000	1,549.48	121.53	12.75
Jordan	5.54	Dinars	day	8	0.69	1999	1.0246	0.71	0.71	1.00
Kenya	5,510.80	Shillings	month	192	28.70	1997	1.3124	37.67	78.56	0.48
Korea	1,702,400.00	Won	month	192	8,866.67	2001	1.0000	8,866.67	1,290.99	6.87
Malaysia	1,531.00	Ringgit	month	192	7.97	2001	1.0000	7.97	3.80	2.10
Mauritius	174.28	Rupees	day	8	21.79	2000	1.0539	22.96	29.13	0.79
Mexico	23.26	Pesos	hour	1	23.26	2001	1.0000	23.26	9.34	2.49
Netherlands	34.42	Guilders	hour	1	34.42	2000	1.0453	35.98	2.47	14.57
New Zealand	17.53	Dollars	hour	1	17.53	2001	1.0000	17.53	2.38	7.36
Nicaragua	3,272.90	Cordobas	month	192	17.05	2001	1.0000	17.05	13.37	1.27
Norway	24,426.00	Kroner	month	192	127.22	2001	1.0000	127.22	8.99	14.15
Pakistan	2,980.97	Rupees	month	192	15.53	2000	1.0315	16.01	61.93	0.26
Panama	250.90	Balboas	month	192	1.31	1999	1.0181	1.33	1.00	1.33
Paraguay	741,416.00	Guaranies	month	192	3,861.54	1999	1.1690	4,514.15	4,105.92	1.10
Peru	27.12	Nuevos Soles	day	8	3.39	2001	1.0000	3.39	3.51	0.97
Philippines	7,300.00	Pesos	month	192	38.02	2000	1.0610	40.34	50.99	0.79
Poland	1,924.95	New Zlotys	month	192	10.03	2001	1.0000	10.03	4.09	2.45
Singapore	3,117.00	Dollars	month	192	16.23	2001	1.0000	16.23	1.79	9.07
Slovenia	178,596.00	Tolars	month	192	930.19	2001	1.0000	930.19	242.75	3.83
South Africa	4,226.00	Rand	month	192	22.01	2000	1.0483	23.07	8.61	2.68
Spain	10.46	Euro	hour	1	10.46	2001	1.0000	10.46	1.12	9.34
Sri Lanka	27.10	Rupees	hour	1	27.10	2001	1.0000	27.10	89.38	0.30
Sweden	114.90	Kronor	hour	1	114.90	2001	1.0000	114.90	10.33	11.12
Switzerland	5,862.00	Francs	month	192	30.53	2000	1.0095	30.82	1.69	18.24
Thailand	5,907.00	Baht	month	192	30.77	1999	1.0324	31.76	44.43	0.71
Trinidad and Tobago	938.82	Dollars	week	44	21.34	1999	1.0929	23.32	6.23	3.74
Turkey	1,640,856.00	Liras	day	8	205,107.00	1997	7.2813	1,493,455.24	1,225,590.00	1.22
United Kingdom	10.49	Pounds	hour	1	10.49	2001	1.0000	10.49	0.69	15.11
United States	14.83	Dollars	hour	1	14.83	2001	1.0000	14.83	1.00	14.83
Zimbabwe	7,351.16	Dollars	month	192	38.29	2000	1.7671	67.66	50.00	1.35

WAGES AND GNP IN US DOLLARS
Country	2001 GNP per Capita, US$	Expected 2001 Wages, US$ per Hour
Algeria	1,650.00	0.99
Argentina	6,940.00	4.29
Australia	19,900.00	10.00
Austria	23,940.00	9.27
Belgium	23,850.00	9.82
Bolivia	950.00	0.90
Botswana	3,100.00	0.74
Brazil	3,070.00	1.87
Bulgaria	1,650.00	0.56
Canada	21,930.00	11.99
Chile	4,590.00	1.75
Colombia	1,890.00	1.03
Costa Rica	4,060.00	2.03
Croatia	4,550.00	2.79
Dominican Republic	2,230.00	1.67
Ecuador	1,080.00	1.86
Egypt	1,530.00	0.64
El Salvador	2,040.00	1.20
Finland	23,780.00	10.37
France	22,730.00	7.54
Germany	23,560.00	12.88
Greece	11,430.00	4.41
Guatemala	1,680.00	1.18
India	460.00	0.15
Ireland	22,850.00	9.16
Israel	16,750.00	11.20
Japan	35,610.00	12.75
Jordan	1,750.00	1.00
Kenya	350.00	0.48
Korea	9,460.00	6.87
Malaysia	3,330.00	2.10
Mauritius	3,830.00	0.79
Mexico	5,530.00	2.49
Netherlands	24,330.00	14.57
New Zealand	13,250.00	7.36
Nicaragua	457.00	1.27
Norway	35,630.00	14.15
Pakistan	420.00	0.26
Panama	3,260.00	1.33
Paraguay	1,350.00	1.10
Peru	1,980.00	0.97
Philippines	1,030.00	0.79
Poland	4,230.00	2.45
Singapore	21,500.00	9.07
Slovenia	9,760.00	3.83
South Africa	2,820.00	2.68
Spain	14,300.00	9.34
Sri Lanka	880.00	0.30
Sweden	25,400.00	11.12
Switzerland	38,330.00	18.24
Thailand	1,940.00	0.71
Trinidad and Tobago	5,960.00	3.74
Turkey	2,530.00	1.22
United Kingdom	25,120.00	15.11
United States	34,280.00	14.83
Zimbabwe	480.00	1.35

Regression Output:
Constant		0.512269436
Std Err of Y Est		1.372926598
R Squared		0.928536609
No. of Observations		56
Degrees of Freedom		54

X Coefficient(s)	0.000436740484
Std Err of Coef.	0.000016488034

Wage Rate = GNP * 0.000437 + 0.512269

Notes:

General: The selection of countries was based upon the availability of wage data as reported in the Yearbook of Labour Statistics 2002, International Labour Organization (ILO), (Geneva: 2002), and GNP data as reported in World Development Indicators, The World Bank, (Washington, DC: 2003).

Wages: Wage rates were reported in the Yearbook of Labour Statistics 2002, ILO, (Geneva: 2002), Chapter 5B: Wages in Manufacturing. The years of the reported wage rates range from 1996 to 2001. Wages reported prior to 1996 were excluded from the analysis.

Wages reported by ILO are in most cases based on cash payments received from employers on a regular basis. In addition to remuneration for normal working hours, cost-of-living allowances and other regularly paid allowances are included in wages. Wages do not include remuneration for overtime, bonuses and gratuities, family allowances, or other social security payments made by the employer. See Yearbook of Labour Statistics 2002 for further discussion of wage data.

Where monthly or daily wages were given, hourly wages were calculated assuming 24 working days per month, 5.5 working days per week, 8 working hours per day.

Inflator: Wages were inflated, where the base year was not 2001, using consumer price index data reported in International Financial Statistics, International Monetary Fund, May 2003. The inflator rate was calculated by dividing the consumer price index for 2001 by the consumer price index for the year the wage rate was reported.

Exchange rates: Exchange rates were expressed as foreign currency per one U.S. dollar. For a majority of the countries in this analysis, the exchange rates used were as reported in International Financial Statistics, International Monetary Fund, May 2003. Since exchange rates were not available in the International Financial Statistics for Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Netherlands, and Spain, the Department relied on the exchange rate information which it regularly obtains from Dow Jones B.I.S. and the Federal Reserve and posts on the Import Administration web site for these countries. The exchange rates used are 2001 market averages.

National Income: GNP per capita, as reported in World Development Indicators, The World Bank, (Washington, DC: 2003). See World Development Indicators for further information. GNP data was not available in the World Development Indicators for Nicaragua for 2001. Therefore, we used GNI data from the International Financial Statistics. We derived the per capita GNI from the population data included in this source.

Analysis: Regression analysis is ordinary least squares analysis.

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